FAQs on Machu Picchu: All the Information You Need

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Do you have any queries about your upcoming trip to Machu Picchu? The most common concerns concerning this ancient landmark are addressed in this page, which also includes information on trekking routes, weather, the ideal time to visit, and Machu Picchu’s history. You have come to the correct location if you’re searching for trustworthy and in-depth information!

History of Machu Picchu

Machu Picchu “old mountain in Quechua” was built in the 1450s during the fifteenth century, at the time of the Inca emperor Pachacuti.

What was the original purpose of Machu Picchu?

It is considered that it functioned as a rural residence for the emperor or as a place of great religious importance. The precise purpose for which it was built is unknown, but it is possible that it was positioned on top of a mountain because of the belief in gods such as the moon and the sun.

Within the Citadel, among the outstanding constructions are the Temple of the Sun, the Astronomical Observatory and the Intihuatana, all of them evidence of a deep understanding of the Sun and celestial influences.

The site is divided into an urban and an agricultural area, with distinct structures that indicate areas of religious relevance and authentic use. Extensive agricultural terraces surround the city, used to produce food for the approximately 1,000 residents. These terraces played an essential role in efficient drainage to prevent landslides and reduce the effect of earthquakes.

Most of the city was built using the traditional method of ashlar masonry, where stones were meticulously laid on top of each other without the application of mortar. The accuracy and skill of the Incas in moving and placing such large stones remains a marvel to this day. The architectural luminosity on display at Machu Picchu is simultaneously fascinating and mysterious.

Machu Picchu was abandoned in the 1530s after the Spanish invasion and subsequently became popularized in the West as the “Lost City of the Incas,” although the local population was never unaware of its location.

Who discovered Machu Picchu and when?

The arrival of American explorer Hiram Bingham and his University colleagues to Machu Picchu on July 24, 1911, is widely acknowledged in the historiographical community as the “discovery” of the citadel. Local farmer Melchor Arteaga led Bingham and his group to Machu Picchu, a place that some of the villagers were already familiar with.

Agustín Lizárraga, a Peruvian peasant seeking land for cultivation, arrived at Machu Picchu in 1902, nearly ten years earlier, and carved his name on a stone within the Temple of the Three Windows. While investigating the location, Hiram Bingham discovered the inscription “A. Lizárraga 1902,” which he recorded in his journal but chose not to include in the official expedition reports.

Bingham used a Kodak camera to take numerous pictures of the ruins during his trip to Machu Picchu, and after his return to the United States, he was able to secure finance for another expedition in 1912. He was joined this time by a more organized group of experts, including engineers and archaeologists. Through his studies, Bingham became well-known around the world as the “discoverer” of Machu Picchu—a designation that is still widely accepted, even in Peru, despite disagreement.

Hiram Bingham wasn’t the first to arrive at Machu Picchu, but his efforts helped to popularize the Inca citadel around the globe, and this incident represents a significant point in the history of the site.

Why is Machu Picchu considered a World Heritage Site?

On December 9, 1983, Machu Picchu was designated as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO due to its cultural and natural importance. This recognition covers not only the famous Inca citadel, but also a vast area of 32,592 hectares that protects its biodiversity, landscapes and unique ecosystems. Machu Picchu is located in a strategic position between the Andes and the Amazon, which has allowed the development of an amazing variety of flora and fauna.

This site is an impressive testimony to the engineering mastery and scientific knowledge of the Incas, who built the city in a way that integrated perfectly with the natural environment. Among the flora, species such as the q’euña tree, the alder, and more than 400 species of orchids stand out, which have captured the interest of botanists worldwide.

In addition, Machu Picchu has microclimates that create habitats for diverse animal species, many of them in danger of extinction. Some of the most emblematic species that inhabit this area include the spectacled bear, the cock-of-the-rock, the Andean condor, and the dwarf deer, as well as birds such as the sword-billed hummingbird and the torrent duck. These unique and fragile ecosystems further reinforce the importance of preserving Machu Picchu as a wildlife sanctuary.

The blend of historical value and biodiversity is what makes Machu Picchu worthy of its title as a World Heritage Site, ensuring that its legacy will endure for future generations and continue to be a symbol of the greatness of the Inca civilization and the surrounding nature.

Where is Machu Picchu located?

Machu Picchu is a part of the Machu Picchu Historic Sanctuary and is situated in the Peruvian Cusco area. You can go to Cusco from Lima by plane. You may say that Machu Picchu’s airport is located here. You can take a train from Cuzco to Aguas Calientes or travel via an Inca route to Machu Picchu. Cuzco, the starting point for all other activities in the region as well as Machu Picchu, is a city entirely devoted to Inca tourism.

With stunning views of the surrounding valleys, the city is well situated between two mountains, Huayna Picchu to the north and Machu Picchu to the south. It was also practically impenetrable due to its isolated position and restricted access points like the Inca Bridge and Inti Punku (Sun Gate). Because the Spanish conquistadors never found it, its remoteness helped to preserve it.

The Incas’ capacity for environmental adaptation is another reason Machu Picchu has gained international attention. Even if the area appears unfriendly at first appearance, the city was able to thrive thanks to the systems of terraces, canals, and artificial soils.

What is Machu Picchu like?

Machu Picchu, considered one of the 7 wonders of the world today, is the Inca archaeological site that has stood out for its innovative urban design, its majestic architecture and the precision of its constructions. During its planning, it benefited significantly from the topography of the mountain peak, the imposing Llaqta. An Inca citadel that houses temples, terraces and water channels.

Things to know when traveling

You can take advantage of the site’s natural and cultural splendor through a range of activities and paths available at Machu Picchu.

How to get to Machu Picchu?

In order to reach Machu Picchu, most tourists choose to take a train from Cusco or Ollantaytambo to the town of Aguas Calientes, followed by a bus ride or hike to the archaeological site. It is also possible to access through the well-known Inca Trail.

What is the best circuit to take in Machu Picchu?

The most suggested itineraries for them include the visit to the Citadel, the Temple of the Sun, and, if you have time and energy, the hikes to Machu Picchu Mountain or Huayna Picchu.

Where is it possible to purchase tickets for Machu Picchu?

Tickets for Machu Picchu can be purchased online through the official website of the Peruvian government, in authorized travel agencies, or in person in Aguas Calientes. It is advisable to purchase them in advance due to the high requirement.

What are the routes inside Machu Picchu?

The most well-liked treks are outlined below so you can select the one that most closely matches your interests:

Mount Huayna Picchu This walk is among the most well-known. Only individuals over 12 are permitted entry, and a special ticket (Machu Picchu plus Huayna Picchu) is needed. The trek, which takes around two hours total return, offers amazing vistas from the summit, including the Temple of the Moon. The trail is an exciting journey because of its reputation for having “stairs of death.”
The Mountain of Machu Picchu This is another fantastic climb that takes roughly three hours to complete. A unique ticket is required (Machu Picchu + Mountain). Due to the large and secure pathways, it is a more family-friendly and accessible choice. Enjoy breathtaking views of the Andean mountain range and Inca city from the summit.
Mount Putucusi This three and a half-hour excursion is one of the hardest; it is not advised for those who are afraid of heights. It begins and ends in Aguas Calientes and reaches the summit of Putucusi, from where rare views of Machu Picchu can be had. It is an alternative for the most daring, as its main hurdle is a lengthy wooden staircase.
Sun Gate (Intipunku) The Sun Gate serves as the historic Inca entryway to Machu Picchu. Enjoy breath-taking vistas of the Inca city throughout the three and a half-hour tour. It may be reached from the city with a standard ticket, but it is also the terminus of the well-known Inca Trail.
The Inca Bridge The climb takes about 40 minutes total round trip. It’s not a particularly strenuous hike, but it does provide breathtaking views from a short trail that leads to the Inca Bridge, a historic building that formerly functioned as a covert entry to Machu Picchu.
From Machu Picchu to Aguas Calientes For those who would rather not pay for a bus from Aguas Calientes, this two-hour hike is highly recommended. However, because it involves climbing multiple staircases, it calls for strong physical condition. To reduce tiredness prior to the visit, it is recommended to take this trail when descending from Machu Picchu.
Aguas Calientes by hydroelectric power A well-liked trek for youthful explorers. This two-hour walk offers a cost-effective way to go to Machu Picchu by following the Vilcanota River. It is not necessary for a tour or guide and is a part of the “Hydroelectric route,” an alternate path.
The Inca Path One of the most well-known hikes in the world, the Inca Trail lasts for four days and three nights. This historic route leads past ruins, stunning scenery, and old Inca trails before arriving at Machu Picchu’s Sun Gate. Bookings must be made months in advance because there is a daily cap of 500 visitors.
The Trek of Salkantay Over the course of its five days and four nights, this walk takes hikers through stunning alpine landscapes, including the 4,650-meter-high Salkantay Pass. For those who appreciate bird watching, the hike is a great choice because of its diverse flora and fauna. It’s a well-liked option because the trek ends in the town of Machu Picchu.
Trekking through the Inca Jungle Adventure sports like rafting are combined with biking and hiking in this 4-day, 3-night package. It is the best choice for more daring tourists seeking an alternative route to Machu Picchu, as it crosses a portion of a recently rediscovered historic Inca trail. Transportation, sporting goods, and Inca city admission are all included in the tour price.

What months are ideal to visit Machu Picchu?

You can always choose to visit Machu Picchu any day of the year because it is open all year round, including holidays. However, there are seasonal variations in both weather and tourist demand. Therefore, whether you want to escape the rain or take advantage of more affordable prices, the ideal months to visit will depend on your preferences.

What is the clearest season?

April to September is the dry season. April to September are the months that make up the dry season. Rainfall is less frequent during this time, making it ideal for touring the ruins and climbing Machu Picchu mountain, also known as Huayna Picchu. In addition, this is the peak travel season, with June, July and August seeing particularly high numbers of travelers due to trips to Europe and the US. Although the nights can be cold, the days are sunny and pleasant. If you decide to travel during these months, it is best to book in advance because tickets for the trains and Machu Picchu sell out quickly.

What is the rainy season?

Rainy season: October to March The region experiences more frequent rains from October to March, with January and February being the rainiest months. Despite this, Machu Picchu has a unique charm during the rainy season, when there may be fewer tourists and a vividly green landscape. In addition, services tend to be less expensive during certain months, which is helpful if you are on a tight budget. Planning ahead is necessary if you plan to visit Machu Picchu during this time of year. Be sure to bring waterproof clothing and contact your tour operator to ensure that the weather will not interfere with visits or access routes.

Which season should I choose?

If you are looking for clear, dry weather, you may choose to go between April and September.
If you want fewer tourists and better deals, it may be advisable to visit during the rainy season, which runs from October to March.
June is the best month for Inti Raymi celebrations and other festivities in Cuzco if you are looking for a unique cultural experience and local festivities.

Whenever you decide to visit Machu Picchu, it will undoubtedly be a life-changing event. Be sure to prepare for the weather conditions of your chosen season by planning ahead.

What distinguishes Huayna Picchu from Machu Picchu Mountain?

While Huayna Picchu is shorter and steeper, it offers a closer view of the ruins, while Machu Picchu Mountain is higher and offers a wider panoramic view.

What are the transportation alternatives available for travel to Machu Picchu?

The main alternatives include the Inca Trail, a hike, or a train from Cusco or Ollantaytambo, followed by a bus from Aguas Calientes.

Is it feasible to accompany children to Machu Picchu, and what suggestions are there for families?

Indeed, it is feasible. It is advisable to bring light snacks, make sure that children over seven years old are hydrated and protect them from the sun. Strollers are prohibited; however, baby carriers are allowed.

What is the average cost of an excursion to Machu Picchu?

Depending on the nature of the service, a complete tour including transportation, guide and entrance fee can cost between 200 and 300 USD for 1 day per person.

What precautions should be taken to mitigate altitude sickness during a visit to Machu Picchu?

Before the visit, it is important to acclimatize to the altitude in Cusco by consuming adequate amounts of water, avoiding large meals and getting enough sleep.

Is it difficult to climb Machupicchu mountain?

It can be said that its difficulty is medium to moderate to the top of Machupicchu Mountain.

It is not necessary to be in the best possible physical condition to accomplish this task. During your trek, you will encounter a variety of individuals, including infants, teenagers, and even older adults. The ascent is challenging because the Machupicchu mountain is 600 meters higher than the archaeological site.

In addition, fatigue is greatly compounded when considering the elevation of the summit. Nevertheless, the summit will be easily accessible to the visitor as long as he/she maintains a reasonable pace while ascending the mountain. The most critical factor is the aspiration to ascend to the summit.

What places are ideal for a good photo at Machu Picchu?

Some of the best places to take pictures in Machu Picchu are:

The Guardian’s House: offers a spectacular panoramic view of the entire Inca city.
The Sacred Plaza: with its llamas grazing and the impressive landscapes in the background.
Intihuatana: an enigmatic structure that captures the mysticism of the place.
Huayna Picchu Mountain: if you take this hike, you will get incredible views from the top of the mountain.
The Temple of the Sun: with its imposing construction and unique architectural details.

Limitations on visiting machu picchu

It is essential to know the rules that have been implemented to protect this sacred place and avoid any complications during your visit to Machu Picchu. The Inca city prohibits certain objects and behaviors.

What are the objects that are not allowed?

Stands and tripods for cell phones or cameras: Extensions, selfie sticks or tripods are prohibited.
It is forbidden to enter with backpacks or large packages weighing more than 5 kg.
Food and luggage are prohibited.
Illegal substances and alcohol: It is forbidden to enter under the influence of these substances or to transport them.
Aerosols and pigments are strictly prohibited.
The use of noise-generating devices, including musical instruments, megaphones and loudspeakers is strictly prohibited.
Shoes with heels or firm soles: To safeguard structures, it is important to wear comfortable and appropriate footwear.
Carry a baby carrier instead of a stroller.
Weapons and sharp objects: It is strictly forbidden to carry any type of weapon or sharp tool.
Items for commercial or promotional purposes, including banners, posters, and advertising apparel are prohibited.
Seniors are allowed to use rubber-tipped batons only, as opposed to metal-tipped batons.

What are the behaviors that are not allowed?

Creating a disturbance or disorder: Refrain from activities that disrupt the order of the city or create pandemonium.
Climbing or leaning on structures: The ruins are vulnerable, so it is important to respect the signs and refrain from touching the walls.
Disrespecting the sanctity of the site: Refrain from activities that may be perceived as disrespectful, such as running, dressing up or stripping.
Vaping or smoking: It is illegal to use electronic devices to vape or smoke cigarettes.
The use of drones or paragliders is prohibited.

What additional restrictions are there?

Abandoning established routes: In order to safeguard the archaeological site, it is essential to respect the official routes.
Visitors are prohibited from feeding animals, both domestic and wild.
Producing annoying noises: Refrain from producing annoying noises that disturb the experience of other visitors, such as clapping, whistling or shouting.
Littering or littering: It is imperative to exercise environmental sensitivity; therefore, refrain from littering or lighting fires at any time.
Commercial photography or filming: It is prohibited to take photographs or film in dangerous environments or for advertising purposes.
By respecting these rules, you will not only guarantee your entrance to Machu Picchu, but you will also contribute to the preservation of one of the most precious cultural treasures in the world.

Things to consider in your luggage

It is imperative to be adequately equipped to optimize your visit to Machu Picchu. Despite the fact that certain items can be rented or purchased in Cusco, there are certain essentials that you should carry with you from home. This will guarantee the visitor’s comfort and prevent any potential complications. The selection of apparel, footwear, and other essential items is crucial for a stress-free tour of the Inca city.

What clothing is advisable to wear during the rainy season in Machu Picchu?

During the rainy season (from October to March), it is essential to wear clothes that keep you dry and comfortable such as:

waterproof jacket or poncho

water repellent pants

quick-drying clothes.

Additional layers of clothing can be useful, as the weather tends to vary throughout the day.

What clothing is advisable to wear on a sunny day in Machu Picchu?

On sunny days, it is best to wear light, breathable clothing such as:

Long-sleeved or short-sleeved shirts made of sweat-absorbing materials (such as cotton or technical fabrics) are ideal.

Don’t forget to bring a hat or cap, sunglasses and sunscreen to protect you from UV rays, as altitude increases sun exposure.

Also consider a light jacket for the early hours of the day or evening, when the temperature may drop.

What type of footwear is advisable for the trek?

The terrain in Machu Picchu is uneven and, in some cases, steep. Therefore, it is advisable to wear trekking shoes or sneakers with good non-slip soles. Make sure that the shoes are comfortable and already adapted to your feet, avoiding new shoes that may cause blisters during the trek.

What personal items are essential to bring?

Some indispensable personal items include:

Identity documents (passport or ID).
Entrance tickets in printed or digital format.
Cash for unforeseen expenses.
A small first aid kit with basic medicines, in case of emergencies.
Cell phone with charged battery and camera.
Sunscreen, insect repellent and a hat or cap.

Is it necessary to bring sunscreen or insect repellent?

Yes, it is highly recommended to bring both. Although the temperature may vary, exposure to the sun at high altitudes is strong, so a broad-spectrum sunscreen is essential. In addition, as Machu Picchu is in the jungle, it is also important to apply insect repellent to avoid bites.

What is the maximum weight allowed for backpacks or bags in Machu Picchu?

The maximum weight allowed for backpacks or bags is 5 kilos. If your backpack exceeds this weight, you will not be able to enter with it, but there are storage facilities at the entrance of the site where you can leave your belongings while visiting the Inca city.

Should I bring water and food or is it preferable to buy them on site?

Food is not allowed in Machu Picchu, but you can bring a bottle of water. We recommend that you bring your own reusable bottle, as buying water on site or nearby can be expensive. Food should be consumed outside the enclosure, so it is best to eat before entering or after the visit.

What photographic equipment is appropriate for the visit?

To capture the breathtaking views of Machu Picchu, a compact camera or a cell phone with good resolution is sufficient. However, if you are a more advanced photographer, an SLR or mirrorless camera with versatile lenses will be ideal. Tripods and drones are not allowed, so you will have to do without such equipment.

Can I bring a large backpack to Machu Picchu?

No, backpacks over 5 kilos are prohibited inside Machu Picchu. If you need to carry basic necessities, it is advisable to use a smaller, lighter backpack.

Are drones allowed in Machu Picchu?

No, drones are strictly prohibited in Machu Picchu. Paragliders or any type of aircraft are also not allowed in the airspace of the site.

Can I bring food or beverages into Machu Picchu?

No, it is forbidden to bring food or beverages. The objective is to preserve the archaeological site and avoid any negative impact on its conservation.

Can I use a walking stick inside Machu Picchu?

Only rubber-tipped walking sticks are allowed, and only for elderly or disabled people. Metal-tipped canes are prohibited as they can damage the structures and trails.

Can I enter Machu Picchu with high heels?

No, it is forbidden to wear shoes with heels or hard soles, as they can damage the surfaces and terrain of the archaeological site.

Can I bring tripods or camera stands to Machu Picchu?

No, tripods and extensions for cameras or cell phones, such as selfie sticks, are not allowed inside the archaeological site.

Can I wear advertising or promotional clothing in Machu Picchu?

No, it is forbidden to wear clothing for advertising or promotional purposes inside Machu Picchu.

Can I carry flags or posters inside Machu Picchu Picchu?

No, it is forbidden to bring flags, posters, banners or any type of advertising material.

Are baby strollers allowed in Machu Picchu?

No, strollers are not allowed due to the rugged terrain. If you are traveling with a baby, it is preferable to use a baby carrier.